All About Autoimmune Disorders: Our immune system is the body’s protective shield. Whenever any virus, bacteria or other harmful substances enter the body, the immune system attacks and tries to eliminate them. It is the shield of our body to protect us from diseases. However, sometimes the immune system gets confused and starts attacking its own body cells and tissues. Autoimmune diseases arise in this condition. Today, cases of autoimmune diseases are increasing rapidly across the world. The most worrying thing is that it is not possible to cure these diseases completely and it is also not possible to avoid them. This is the reason why it is very difficult to live life with these diseases.

of cleveland clinic Report according to Autoimmune diseases are such chronic diseases in which the immune system makes a mistake in identifying external enemies and starts damaging the healthy tissues of the body. Usually the immune system fights infection through white blood cells, but in autoimmune diseases, these cells start attacking joints, skin, nerves, muscles or other organs. This leads to swelling, pain and loss of functionality.

Autoimmune diseases can affect almost every part of the body. Some diseases affect the joints and muscles, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Some damage the skin and blood vessels, such as psoriasis, vitiligo and scleroderma. Some diseases affect the digestive system, such as Crohn’s disease, celiac disease and ulcerative colitis. Type-1 diabetes and thyroid-related diseases affect the endocrine system, while diseases like multiple sclerosis harm the nervous system.

Symptoms of autoimmune disease may vary from person to person. These usually include prolonged fatigue, joint pain and swelling, skin rashes, muscle weakness, digestive problems and falling ill frequently. The specialty of these diseases is that their symptoms often arise and subside again and again, which are called flares. Many times even the patient himself does not understand why his condition suddenly worsens.

The exact reason why autoimmune diseases occur is not yet clear. Experts believe that genetic reasons, viral infection, hormonal changes and environmental factors may be responsible for this. Research has also revealed that the risk of autoimmune diseases is higher in women than in men. Apart from this, in families where autoimmune diseases already exist, the risk may increase in the next generation.

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It is almost impossible to completely prevent autoimmune diseases. Actually, their cause is not completely clear, so there is no way to stop them. However, adopting a healthy lifestyle, staying away from smoking, eating a balanced diet and getting health checkups done from time to time can reduce the risk to some extent. Having one autoimmune disease can also increase the risk of another disease, which is called ‘multiple autoimmune syndrome’ in medical language.

Although there is no permanent cure for autoimmune disease, the symptoms can be controlled with proper treatment. Doctors usually recommend pain relievers, anti-inflammatory drugs, immune system suppressants, and physiotherapy if needed. In some cases, special treatment is also necessary, such as insulin therapy in type-1 diabetes or gluten-free diet in celiac disease. Autoimmune diseases are lifelong, but long-term remission is also seen in many patients. By timely identification, regular follow-up from the doctor and necessary changes in lifestyle, the patient can lead a normal and active life.



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